{"id":3461,"date":"2013-10-05T13:28:06","date_gmt":"2013-10-05T18:28:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.froginawell.net\/china\/?p=3461"},"modified":"2014-08-30T13:32:11","modified_gmt":"2014-08-30T13:32:11","slug":"ancient-music-in-the-academy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/2013\/10\/ancient-music-in-the-academy\/","title":{"rendered":"Ancient Music in the Academy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.froginawell.net\/china\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/E-Han-balladeer-front.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-3462\" alt=\"Han Drummer\" src=\"http:\/\/www.froginawell.net\/china\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/E-Han-balladeer-front-256x300.jpg\" width=\"256\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a>Confucius liked to talk about Rites and Music. Thus I have to spend a lot of time explaining to students why. Most Americans are more like Mozi<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div>Mozi asked a Confucian, saying \u2018What is the reason for music <span style=\"font-family: SimSun;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mdbg.net\/chindict\/chindict.php?page=worddict&amp;wdrst=0&amp;wdqb=music#\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">(\u6a02)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>?\u2019 The reply was: \u201cMusic is performed for the sake of joy <span style=\"font-family: SimSun;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mdbg.net\/chindict\/chindict.php?page=worddict&amp;wdrst=0&amp;wdqb=music#\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">(<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u6a02<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u201d<sup id=\"rf1-3461\"><a href=\"#fn1-3461\" title=\"same word!\" rel=\"footnote\">1<\/a><\/sup> Mozi said: \u2018You have not answered me. Suppose I asked: Why build houses? And you answered: It is to keep off cold in winter, and the heat in summer, and to separate men from women. They you would have told me the reason for building houses. Now I am asking: Why perform music? And you answer: Music is performed for music\u2019s sake. This is like saying : Why build houses? And answering Houses are built for houses\u2019 sake.\u201d Mozi 43<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>So Mozi can see no point in music, just like most most American parents can&#8217;t see the point in being a music major.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>I won&#8217;t get into the whole modern defence of Music (and Art), but in early China music was magic. All my evidence here comes from the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sup.org\/book.cgi?id=380\">Lushi Chunqiu<\/a>, <\/em><em><\/em>which is basically a philosophical encyclopedia compiled at the very end of the Warring States period.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Music is a way to keep track of the state of the world<\/div>\n<div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\"><!--\nP { margin-bottom: 0.08in; direction: ltr; color: rgb(0, 0, 10); widows: 2; orphans: 2; }P.western { font-family: \"Calibri\",serif; font-size: 11pt; }P.cjk { font-family: \"SimSun\"; font-size: 11pt; }P.ctl { font-size: 11pt; }\n--><\/style>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Thus, the tones of an orderly age are peaceful and joyous because its policies are stable. The tones of a chaotic age are resentful and angry because its policies are perverse. The tones of a doomed state are sad and mournful because its policies are dangerous. It is a general principle that music is influenced by government and affected by customs. When customs are fixed, music adjusts itself to them. Thus, in an age that possesses the Dao one has only to observe its music to know its customs, to observe its customs to know its government, and observe its government to know its ruler. The First Kings were, therefore, certain to rely on music as a means of professing their teachings. LSCQ 5\/4.4B<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div>O.k., this is not too hard to grasp. Just like &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hhse.biz\/?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=2086:public-enemy-rap-is-black-americas-cnn&amp;catid=118:3&amp;Itemid=547\">Rap Music is Black America&#8217;s CNN<\/a>&#8221; you can learn about a society by listening to its music. I particularly like this quote because I remember reading something along the lines of &#8220;Thus, the tones of an orderly age are peaceful and joyous because its policies are stable. The tones of a chaotic age are resentful and angry because its policies are perverse.&#8221; on the liner notes of a Jefferson Airplane album<sup id=\"rf2-3461\"><a href=\"#fn2-3461\" title=\"not sure which album or if I am remembering this right. My memories of the 60&#8217;s are mostly a blur. Still, it fits pretty well.\" rel=\"footnote\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Here is another<\/div>\n<div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\"><!--\nP { margin-bottom: 0.08in; direction: ltr; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); widows: 2; orphans: 2; }P.western { font-family: \"Calibri\",serif; }P.cjk { font-family: \"SimSun\"; }\n--><\/style>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0 <span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">When Yu ascended <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">the throne he <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">toiled and <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">laboured <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">on <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">behalf <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">of <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">the world. He <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">rested neither da<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">y <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">nor night<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ope<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ning <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">up <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">the <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">great <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">st<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">r<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">eams, cut<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ting through <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">obstructi<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ons <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">and blockages<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">boring out <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">the Dra<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">gon <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Gate<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">a<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">nd <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">circulating the flowing waters by guiding them to the Yellow River. He dredged the Three Rivers and the Five Lakes and made their waters flow to the Eastern Sea, to benefit the black-headed people. At this<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yu command<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">e<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">d Gao<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">y<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ao to compose all nine movements of the <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&#8220;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Xia <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">F<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">lut<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">e<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&#8221; in order to celebrate his achievement. LSCQ 5\/5.10<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div>O.k., so you can use music as political propaganda, so that people will never forget Yu taming the flood or the bombs bursting in air. Also not too complex. The next two are a little harder.<\/div>\n<div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\"><!--\nP { margin-bottom: 0.08in; direction: ltr; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); widows: 2; orphans: 2; }P.western { font-family: \"Calibri\",serif; }P.cjk { font-family: \"SimSun\"; }\n--><\/style>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">In the past, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">at the inception of the <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yinkang <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">clan<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">the Yin had coagulated in great amounts <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">and accumu<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">lat<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ed excessively. The <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">watercourse<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">s <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">were blocked <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">and <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">obstructed, and <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">water could <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">not flow out <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">from springs. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">The ethers <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">of <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">the <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">peop<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">le <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">became thick <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">and <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">clogged up, and their muscles and bones tight <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">and <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">constricted. They therefore <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">inv<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ented <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">a dance with which to <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">spread <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">and <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">guide the Yin <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">.LSCQ<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"> 5\/ 5.4<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<blockquote>\n<style type=\"text\/css\"><!--\nP { margin-bottom: 0.08in; direction: ltr; color: rgb(0, 0, 10); widows: 2; orphans: 2; }P.western { font-family: \"Calibri\",serif; font-size: 11pt; }P.cjk { font-family: \"SimSun\"; font-size: 11pt; }P.ctl { font-size: 11pt; }\n--><\/style>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">In the past, when the ancient Zhuxiang clan ruled the world, there was an excess of wind that caused the Yang ether to gather and accumulate, the myriad things to disperse and scatter, and the fruits and nuts not to ripen. Knight Da therefore invented a five-string zither with which to attract the Yin ether and arrange the survival of the various living things. LSCQ<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"> 5\/ 5.2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>These two are a\u00a0 lot more magical. Music actually changes the world. In the first one we can see it changing people, which makes a bit of sense. Then in the second one it changes the universe. There are actually a bunch of passages in here about how inventing new instruments gave humans new ways to control the world. This is not our idea of music at all (unless you are a follower of the Church of <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Les_Paul\">Les Paul<\/a>), but it does help a bit with Early China.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<hr class=\"footnotes\"><ol class=\"footnotes\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal\"><li id=\"fn1-3461\"><p >same word!&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf1-3461\" class=\"backlink\" title=\"Return to footnote 1.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li id=\"fn2-3461\"><p >not sure which album or if I am remembering this right. My memories of the 60&#8217;s are mostly a blur. Still, it fits pretty well.&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf2-3461\" class=\"backlink\" title=\"Return to footnote 2.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Confucius liked to talk about Rites and Music. Thus I have to spend a lot of time explaining to students why. Most Americans are more like Mozi Mozi asked a Confucian, saying \u2018What is the reason for music (\u6a02)?\u2019 The reply was: \u201cMusic is performed for the sake of joy (\u6a02)\u201d1 Mozi said: \u2018You have&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[92,165,108,150,163],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anecdotes","category-china","category-classics","category-pre-han","category-teaching"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9yoH3-TP","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3461"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4470,"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3461\/revisions\/4470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/froginawell.net\/frog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}